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The British Journal of Psychiatry 149: 279-287 (1986)
© 1986 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

Emotional attitudes and direct communication in the families of schizophrenics: a cross-national replication

AM Strachan, JP Leff, MJ Goldstein, JA Doane and C Burtt

To examine how the measure of expressed emotion relates to family life, 30 relatives of schizophrenic patients were assessed for EE and then observed in ten-minute discussions with the patients. It was found that high-EE relatives express more negative emotional statements than low- EE relatives when face-to-face with the patient; they also talk more rapidly, and this speech rate is correlated with the patient speech rate. Whereas low-EE relatives expressed few criticisms or intrusive statements, high-EE over-involved relatives were more intrusive, and high-EE critical relatives were more critical as well as more intrusive in direct interaction. These findings emphasise the importance of understanding divergent EE sub-styles and the complementary behaviour of patients. The findings of an earlier Los Angeles study were replicated.


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Copyright © 1986 The Royal College of Psychiatrists.