The British Journal of Psychiatry 153: 205-207 (1988)
© 1988 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
Lithium carbonate--a competitive aldosterone antagonist?
PM Stewart, SM Atherden, SE Stewart, L Whalley, CR Edwards and PL Padfield
University Department of Medicine, West General Hospital, Edinburgh.
Plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (aldo) levels, electrolyte levels,
and blood pressures were measured in 16 patients with affective disorders
taking lithium prophylactically, and in 16 age and sex- matched control
subjects. PRA and aldo levels were significantly elevated in the
lithium-treated group. There was no difference between the groups in plasma
electrolytes or erect and supine blood pressures, arguing against secondary
aldosteronism. In the lithium-treated group, there was a significant
positive correlation between both PRA and plasma aldo vs serum lithium. We
postulate that lithium inhibits the action of aldosterone on the distal
tubule in the kidney. Activation of the renin angiotensin system maintains
normal blood pressure and plasma electrolytes.