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The British Journal of Psychiatry 174: 330-338 (1999)
© 1999 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

Development of the EURO-D scale--a European, Union initiative to compare symptoms of depression in 14 European centres

MJ Prince, F Reischies, AT Beekman, R Fuhrer, C Jonker, SL Kivela, BA Lawlor, A Lobo, H Magnusson, M Fichter, H van Oyen, M Roelands, I Skoog, C Turrina and JR Copeland
Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

BACKGROUND: In an 11-country European collaboration, 14 population- based surveys included 21,724 subjects aged > or = 65 years. Most participating centres used the Geriatric Mental State (GMS), but other measures were also used. AIMS: To derive from these instruments a common depression symptoms scale, the EURO-D, to allow comparison of risk factor profiles between centres. METHOD: Common items were identified from the instruments. Algorithms for fitting items to GMS were derived by observation of item correspondence or expert opinion. The resulting 12-item scale was checked for internal consistency, criterion validity and uniformity of factor-analytic profile. RESULTS: The EURO-D is internally consistent, capturing the essence of its parent instrument. A two-factor solution seemed appropriate: depression, tearfulness and wishing to die loaded on the first factor (affective suffering), and loss of interest, poor concentration and lack of enjoyment on the second (motivation). CONCLUSIONS: The EURO-D scale should permit valid comparison of risk-factor associations between centres, even if between-centre variation remains difficult to attribute.


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Copyright © 1999 The Royal College of Psychiatrists.