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The British Journal of Psychiatry (2001) 179: 243-249
© 2001 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY PAPERS, PART 2

Possible role of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in human development and psychopathology{dagger}

I. M. GOODYER, FRCPsych

R. J. PARK, MRCPsych

Developmental Psychiatry Section, Department of Psychiatry

C. M. NETHERTON, PhD and J. HERBERT, PhD

Department of Anatomy, University of Cambridge, UK

Correspondence: Dr. I. M. Goodyer, Developmental Psychiatry Section, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge University Clinical School, Douglas House, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge CB2 2AH, UK

Declaration of interest Supported by the Wellcome Trust, the Medical Research Council and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.

{dagger} See editorial, pp. 189–190, this issue.

ABSTRACT

Background The characteristics of adrenal hormone secretion change markedly during infancy. Disturbances in basal levels may precipitate psychological dysfunction and are associated with psychopathology in young people.

Aims To relate three aspects of behavioural endocrinology: developmental changes in cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), the role of these hormones in the psychopathology of young people, and the action of these steroids in the brain.

Method A selective review from the human developmental, psychiatric and neurosciences literature.

Results There are developmentally mediated changes in brain sensitivity following excess exposure to cortisol. This may result in impairments of mental and behavioural function. DHEA and gonadal steroids may modulate the actions of cortisol.

Conclusions Steroid hormones contribute to shaping behavioural function during early development and act as risk factors for psychopathology.


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