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The British Journal of Psychiatry (2002) 180: 320-326
© 2002 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

Case—control study of neurocognitive function in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder: an association with mania{dagger}

J.T.O. CAVANAGH, MRCPsych

University of Glasgow

M. VAN BECK, RMN, W. MUIR, MRCPsych and D.H.R. BLACKWOOD

University of Edinburgh

Correspondence: J.T.O. Cavanagh, Senior Lecturer in Psychiatry, University of Glasgow Department of Psychological Medicine, Academic Centre, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK. Tel: 0141 211 3926; fax: 0141 357 4899; e-mail: Jonathan.Cavanagh{at}clinmed.gla.ac.uk

Declaration of interest None.

{dagger} See pp. 313–319 and editorial, pp. 293–295, this issue.

Background Neurocognitive impairments in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder may represent trait rather than state variables.

Aims To test the hypothesis that euthymic patients with bipolar disorder would exhibit impairment in verbal learning and memory and executive function compared with healthy controls matched for age, gender and premorbid IQ.

Method Twenty euthymic patients with bipolar disorder were matched, on a case-by-case basis, to twenty healthy community controls. Cases and controls were tested with a battery of neuropsychological tests.

Results Impairments were found in cases compared with controls in tests of verbal learning and memory. Verbal learning and memory correlated negatively with the number of manic episodes.

Conclusions Impaired verbal learning and memory may be a trait variable in bipolar disease. There are implications for adherence to medication and relapse and for the role of early treatment interventions. Prospective designs and targeting first-episode groups may help to differentiate trait v. disease process effects.


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