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The British Journal of Psychiatry (2003) 183: 498-506
© 2003 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

Quantitative analysis of sponsorship bias in economic studies of antidepressants

C. Bruce Baker, MD, JD

Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, and Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut

Michael T. Johnsrud, PhD

Center for Pharmacoeconomic Studies, University of Texas, Austin, Texas

M. Lynn Crismon, PharmD

Center for Pharmacoeconomic Studies, University of Texas, and Office of the Medical Director, Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, Austin, Texas

Robert A. Rosenheck, MD

Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, and VA Northeast Program Evaluation Center, West Haven, Connecticut, and Yale School of Medicine Departments of Epidemiology and Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut

Scott W. Woods, MD

Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

Correspondence: Dr C. Bruce Baker, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, CMHC Rm 38B, 34 Park St, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Tel: (203) 974 7051; fax: (203) 974 7057; e-mail: Bruce.Baker{at}Yale.edu

Declaration of interest Range of industry and non-industry funding received, detailed in Acknowledgements.

Background Concern is widespread about potential sponsorship influence on research, especially in pharmacoeconomic studies. Quantitative analysis of possible bias in such studies is limited.

Aims To determine whether there is an association between sponsorship and quantitative outcomes in pharmacoeconomic studies of antidepressants.

Method Using all identifiable articles with original comparative quantitative cost or cost-effectiveness outcomes for antidepressants, we performed contingency table analyses of study sponsorship and design v. study outcome.

Results Studies sponsored by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) manufacturers favoured SSRIs over tricyclic antidepressants more than non-industry-sponsored studies. Studies sponsored by manufacturers of newer antidepressants favoured these drugs more than did non-industry-sponsored studies. Among industry-sponsored studies, modelling studies favoured the sponsor's drug more than did administrative studies. Industry-sponsored modelling studies were more favourable to industry than were non-industry-sponsored ones.

Conclusions Pharmacoeconomic studies of antidepressants reveal clear associations of study sponsorship with quantitative outcome.


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