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The British Journal of Psychiatry (2004) 185: 465-471
© 2004 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

Family history of primary movement disorders as a predictor for neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms

Rebekka Lencer, MD and Gunnar Eismann, BSc

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University of Lübeck, Germany

Meike Kasten, MD and Kemal Kabakci, MD

Department of Neurology; University of Lübeck, Germany

Verena Geithe, MD and Jenny Grimm, MD

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University of Lübeck, Germany

Christine Klein, MD

Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Germany

Correspondence: Dr Reb Rebekka ekka Lencer, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitä zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lü, Germany. Tel: +49 451 500 2444; fax: +49 451 500 4957; e-mail: lencer.r{at}psychiatry.uni-luebeck.de

Declaration of interest None.

Funding detailed in Acknowledgements.

Background Agenetic susceptibility to extrapyramidal symptoms caused by treatment with neuroleptic medication has been suggested.

Aims To identify predictor variables for neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms, particularly considering family history of primary movement disorders.

Method We investigated 100 in-patients receiving a stable neuroleptic medication with regard to occurrence of extrapyramidal symptoms, drug history and detailed family history of primary movement disorders.

Results Step-wise logistic regression analysis revealed that a positive family history was a significant predictor for lifetime prevalence of extrapyramidal symptoms, including reported and currently observed symptoms. The duration of exposure to neuroleptic medication and age were further predictors.

Conclusions Our findings underline the notion of genetic susceptibility for secondary extrapyramidal symptoms and suggest possible shared genetic factors in primary and secondary movement disorders as well as psychotic disorders.




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