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Fronto-parietal activation in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type: functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Howard Florey Institute and Centre for Neuroscience and Academic Child Psychiatry Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, and Department of Psychology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia

A. Vance, MD, PhD

Academic Child Psychiatry Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne and Royal Children’s Hospital and Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

N. Rinehart, PhD

Department of Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia

G. Egan, PhD

Howard Florey Institute and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne

M. O’Boyle, PhD

Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA

J. L. Bradshaw, PhD, DSc

Department of Psychology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia

R. Cunnington, PhD

Howard Florey Institute and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne and Brain Research Institute, Austin Health Heidelberg West, 3081, Victoria, Australia

Correspondence: Professor A. Vance, Academic Child Psychiatry Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia. E-mail: avance{at}unimelb.edu.au

Declaration of interest None.

A functional magnetic resonance imaging mental rotation paradigm was used to investigate the patterns of activation of fronto-parietal brain areas in male adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type (ADHD–CT) compared with age-, gender-, handedness- and performance IQ-matched healthy controls. The ADHD–CT group had (a) decreased activation of the ‘action-attentional’ system (including Brodmann’s areas (BA) 46, 39, 40) and the superior parietal (BA 7) and middle frontal (BA10) areas and (b) increased activation of the posterior midline attentional system. These different neuroactivation patterns indicate widespread frontal, striatal and parietal dysfunction in adolescents with ADHD–CT.

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