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Episodic memory-related activation in schizophrenia: meta-analysis

Brain Imaging Group, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Verdun, and Departments of Psychiatry and of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, bec, Canada

Correspondence: Dr Martin Lepage, Douglas Hospital Research Centre - FBCI, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, Québbec ec H4H 1R3, Canada. Tel: +1 (514) 761 6131, ext. 4393; fax: +1 (514) 888 4064; e-mail: martin.lepage{at}mcgill.ca

Declaration of interest None. Funding detailed in Acknowledgements.

Background Numerous studies have examined the neural correlates of episodic memory deficits in schizophrenia, yielding both consistencies and discrepancies in the reported patterns of results.

Aims To identify in schizophrenia the brain regions in which activity is consistently abnormal across imaging studies of memory.

Method Data from 18 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were combined using a recently developed quantitative meta-analytic approach.

Results Regions of consistent differential activation between groups were observed in the left inferior prefrontal cortex, medial temporal cortex bilaterally, left cerebellum, and in other prefrontal and temporal lobe regions. Subsequent analyses explored memory encoding and retrieval separately and identified between-group differences in specific prefrontal and medial temporal lobe regions.

Conclusions Beneath the apparent heterogeneity of published findings on schizophrenia and memory, a consistent and robust pattern of group differences is observed as a function of memory processes.

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