The British Journal of Psychiatry (2007) 190: 27-35. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.022483
© 2007 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
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Mental ill-health in adults with intellectual disabilities: prevalence and associated factors

SALLY-ANN COOPER, MD, FRCPsych

Section of Psychological Medicine, Division of Community Based Sciences, University of Glasgow

ELITA SMILEY, MRCPsych

Learning Disabilities Partnership, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde

JILLIAN MORRISON, PhD, FRCGP

Section of General Practice and Primary Care

ANDREW WILLIAMSON, MSc

Section of Psychological Medicine

LINDA ALLAN, RNMH, MBA

Section of Psychological Medicine, Division of Community Based Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

Correspondence: Professor Sally-Ann Cooper, Academic Centre, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, 1055 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK Tel: +44 (0)141 211 0690; fax: +44 (0) 141 357 4899; email: SACooper{at}clinmed.gla.ac.uk

Declaration of interest None. Funding detailed in Acknowledgements.

Background Reported prevalence of mental ill-health among adults with intellectual disabilities ranges from 7 to 97%, owing to methodological limitations. Little is known about associations.

Aims To determine the prevalence of mental ill-health in adults with intellectual disabilities and to investigate factors independently associated with it.

Method Population-based study (n=1023) with comprehensive individual assessments modelled using regression analyses.

Results Point prevalence of mental ill-health was 40.9% (clinical diagnoses), 35.2% (DC–LD), 16.6% (ICD–10–DCR) and 15.7% (DSM–IV–TR). The most prevalent type was problem behaviours. Mental ill-health was associated with more life events, female gender, type of support, lower ability, more consultations, smoking, incontinence, not having severe physical disabilities and not having immobility; it was not associated with deprived areas, no occupation, communication impairment, epilepsy, hearing impairment or previous institutional residence.

Conclusions This investigation informs further longitudinal study, and development of appropriate interventions, public health strategy and policy. ICD–10–DCR and DSM–IV–TR undercount mental ill-health in this population compared with DC–LD.


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