The British Journal of Psychiatry (2007) 191: 30-37. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.105.020982
© 2007 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
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Rates and correlates of employment in people with schizophrenia in the UK, France and Germany

Steven Marwaha, MSc, MRCPsych, Sonia Johnson, DM, MRCPsych and Paul Bebbington, PhD, FRCPsych

Royal Free and University College London Medical School and Camden and Islington Mental Health and Social Care Trust, London

Mai Stafford, PhD

Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK

Matthias C. Angermeyer, MD

University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Traolach Brugha, MD (NUI), FRCPsych

Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK

Jean-Michel Azorin, MD

SHU Psychiatrie Adultes, Hospital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France

Reinhold Kilian, PhD

University of Leipzig, Leipzig and University of Ulm, Günzburg, Germany

Karina Hansen, PhD and Mondher Toumi, MD

Health Economics Department, Lundbeck SA, Paris, France

Correspondence: Dr Steven Marwaha, c/o M. Trott, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, 48 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EY, UK. Email: stevenmarwaha{at}yahoo.co.uk

Declaration of interest Funding from Lundbeck A/S and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

Background Little is known about international variations in employment rates among people with schizophrenia or about the factors associated with employment in this disorder.

Aims To describe employment patterns and the variables associated with working in an international sample of people with schizophrenia.

Method An analysis was made of baseline data from the European Schizophrenia Cohort study, a 2-year investigation of people with schizophrenia in contact with secondary services and living in France, Germany and the UK (n=1208).

Results Participants were working in all sections of the job market. People who had a degree, were living with their families or had experienced only a single episode of illness were more likely to be working. A continuous illness course, more severe non-psychotic symptoms and drug misuse reduced the odds of employment. There were large variations between centres in employment rates, which were highest in the three German study sites. These differences persisted after adjustment for individual characteristics.

Conclusions Local social contexts may be as important as individual or illness-related factors in explaining employment status.


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