| |
|
Prevalence (%)
|
|
OR (95% CI)1
|
Children looked after by local authorities (n=1253)
|
Disadvantaged private household sample (n=761)
|
Remaining children from the private household sample (n=9677)
|
| Socio-demographic variables |
|
|
|
|
| Male |
|
57.1***2,3 |
45.9*3 |
50.3 |
| Older (11-15 v. 5-10) |
|
59.0***2,3 |
41.9 |
43.5 |
| White (v. Black or minority ethnic) |
|
91.6 |
89.8 |
91.5 |
| Neurodevelopmental disorder |
|
12.8***2,3 |
4.5 |
3.3 |
| Statement of special educational needs |
|
23.0***2,3 |
4.5**3 |
2.9 |
| Carer report of learning difficulties |
|
36.9***2,3 |
12.2***3 |
8.3 |
| Literacy or numeracy problems |
|
34.3***2,3 |
20.4***3 |
10.4 |
| Mental age 60% or less of chronological age |
|
10.7***2,3 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
| ICD—10 psychiatric diagnosis |
|
|
|
|
| At least one diagnosis |
4.92 (4.13-5.85) |
46.4***2,3 |
14.6***3 |
8.5 |
| Any anxiety disorder |
2.09 (1.58-2.76) |
11.1***2,3 |
5.5**3 |
3.6 |
| Separation anxiety |
1.92 (1.05-3.51) |
2.0***3 |
1.7**3 |
0.7 |
| Specific phobia |
|
1.1 |
1.1 |
1.0 |
| Social phobia |
|
0.7 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
| Panic disorder |
|
0 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
| Post-traumatic stress disorder |
11.76 (4.98-27.76) |
1.9*2,***3 |
0.5*3 |
0.1 |
| Obsessive—compulsive
disorder |
|
0.2 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
| Generalised anxiety disorder |
1.61 (0.78-3.32) |
1.9***3 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
| Other anxiety disorder |
2.86 (1.86-4.39) |
4.4**2,***3 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
| Depression |
2.28 (1.34-3.88) |
3.4*2,***3 |
1.2 |
0.9 |
| Hyperkinesis |
3.90 (2.80-5.42) |
8.7***2,3 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
| Any behavioural disorder |
7.53 (6.21-9.14) |
38.9***2,3 |
9.7***3 |
4.3 |
| Oppositional defiant |
3.60 (1.50-2.66) |
12.2***2,3 |
4.5***3 |
2.4 |
| Conduct disorder4 |
9.34 (7.26-12.03) |
26.7***2,3 |
5.3***3 |
1.9 |
| Autistic-spectrum disorder |
1.38 (0.68-2.81) |
2.6**2,***3 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
Other disorders5
|
1.22 (0.33-4.33)
|
0.6*2
|
0.8**3
|
0.2
|
| 1. Adjusted odds ratios for looked after status in relation to living in a
private household for disorders with significant differences in prevalence
between the two samples, with 95% confidence intervals. |
| 2. Significantly different from disadvantaged children living in private
households, using logistic regression to adjust for age and gender. |
| 3. Significantly different from non-disadvantaged children living in private
households, using logistic regression to adjust for age and gender using
logistic regression. |
| 4. Includes socialised conduct disorder, unsocialised conduct disorder,
conduct disorder confined to the family context, or other conduct disorder;
but does not include oppositional defiant disorder. |
| 5. Includes tic disorders, eating disorders, stereotypic movement disorders
and selective mutism. |
| *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001. |
