Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T16:02:13.727Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Symptomatology of Mental Disease Among Refugees in Norway

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

Extract

In an earlier investigation the author (1959) raised the question regarding whether a higher incidence of psychiatric disorders could be observed among refugees who remained in, or came to Norway after World War II. Through a personal investigation of all the (sixty) refugees who were admitted to Norwegian mental hospitals and psychiatric departments during the period 1 January, 1946–31 December, 1955, it has been possible to answer this question in the affirmative and without any shadow of doubt. The author could also show that the incidence of psychoses among refugees in Norway is, for all diagnoses, five times higher than could be expected when compared with a matched Norwegian population. For schizophrenia alone the incidence is less than five times higher, while for reactive psychoses it lies far above this number.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1960 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adeoye, Lambo T., “The role of cultural factors in paranoid psychosis among the Yoruba tribe”, J. Ment. Sci., 1955, 101, 239266.Google Scholar
Allers, R., “Uber psychogene Störungen in sprachfremder Umgebung. (Der Verfolgungswahn der sprachlich Isolierten)”, Z. ges. Neurol Psychiat., 1920, 60, 281289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bexton, W. H., Heron, W., and Scott, R. H., “Effects of decreased variation in the sensory environment”, Canad. J. Psychol., 1954, 8, 7076.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bibering, Grete, “Psychiatric and psychosomatic conditions in former concentration camp inmates”, Bull World Fed. Merit. Hlth., 1951, 3, 229252.Google Scholar
Bleuler, E., Affektivität, Suggestibilität, Paranoia, 1906. Halle.Google Scholar
Cameron, Norman, “The paranoid pseudo-community”, Amer. J. Social, 1943, 49, 3238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Idem , “The development of paranoic thinking”, Psychol. Rev., 1943, 50, 219233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clausen, John A., and Kohn, Melvin L., “The ecological approach in social psychiatry”, Amer. J. Sociol., 1954, 60, 140149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eitinger, L., “The incidence of mental disease among refugees in Norway”, J. Ment. Sci., 1959, 105, 326338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faris, R. E. L., “Cultural isolation and the schizophrenic personality”, Amer. J. Social, 1934, 40, 155164.Google Scholar
Felix, Robert H., “Evolution of community health concepts”. Lecture at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, 1956.Google Scholar
Freud, S., “Über einen autobiographisch beschrieben Fall von Paranoia (Dementia paranoides)”, in: Gesammelte Schriften, 1924. Vol. 8.Google Scholar
Wien. Heron, W., Bexton, W. H., and Hebb, D. O., “Cognitive effects of decreased variation in the sensory environment”, Amer. Psychol, 1953, 8, 366.Google Scholar
Hodel, G. H., “Emotional problems of the Filipinos abroad”, S. Tomas J. Med., 1954, 9, 341351.Google Scholar
Houston, F., and Royse, A. B., “Relationship between deafness and psychotic illness”, J. Ment. Sci, 1954, 100, (421), 990993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyde, Robert W., and Kingsley, L. V., “Studies in medical sociology. The relation of mental disorders to population density”, New Engl J. Med., 1944, 231, 571577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jahrreiss, W., “Störungen des Bewusstseins”, in: Handbuch der Geisteskrankheiten I. Hg. von O. Bumke, 1928. Berlin.Google Scholar
Jaspers, Karl, “Eifersuchtswahn. Ein Beitrag zur Frage: ‘Entwicklung einer Persönlichkeit’ oder ‘Prozess’?”, Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat., 1910, 1, 567637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Idem , Allgemeine Psychopathologie, 2. Aufl., 1920; 6. Aufl., 1953. Berlin.Google Scholar
Kahn, Eugen, and Richter, Helen G., “Sensitivity”, Amer. J. Psychiat., 1939, 96, 609622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knigge, F., “Ein Beitrag zur Frage des primitiven Beziehungswahnes”, Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat., 1935, 153, 622628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolle, Kurt, Die primäre Verrücktheit. Psychopathologische Klinische und genealogische Untersuchungen, 1931. Leipzig.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kraepelin, E., Psychiatric 6. Aufl., 1899. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Kretschmer, E., Der sensitive Beziehungswahn, 2. Aufl., 1927; 3. Aufl., 1950. Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langfeldt, G., “The hypersensitive mind”, Acta Psychiat. Copenhagen, 1951. Suppl. 73.Google Scholar
Lilly, John C., “Effects of physical restraint and of reduction of ordinary levels of physical stimuli on intact, healthy persons”, Lecture given at a meeting of the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry (GAP), Asbury Park, N.J., November, 2007.Google Scholar
Lunn, Villars, “Paranoide tilstande”, Nord. Med., 1953, 49, 831838.Google Scholar
Macalpine, Ida, and Hunter, Richard A., “The Schreber case”, Psychoanal. Quart., 1935, 22, 328371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Charles W., “The paranoid syndrome”, Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat., 1941, 45, 953963 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newcomb, Theodore M, Social Psychology, 1952 London.Google Scholar
Pfister-Ammende, Maria, “The symptomatology, treatment and prognosis in mentally ill refugees and repatriates in Switzerland”, in: Flight and Resettlement, 1955. Paris: Unesco.Google Scholar
Pinel, Ph., Traité Medico-philosophique sur L'aliénation Mentale, 1809. (Quoted from Louis.) Paris.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, H., “Note on the psychopathology of confusional states in chronic schizophrenias”, Inter. J. Psychoanal., 1950, 31, 132137.Google Scholar
Schneider, Kurt, “Über primitiven Beziehungswahn”, Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat., 1930, 127, 725735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheldon, J. H., The Social Medicine of Old Age, 1948. Oxford.Google Scholar
Simmons, Leo W., and Wolff, Harold G., Social Science in Medicine, 1954. New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strecker, E. A., Ebaugh, F. G., and Ewalt, J. R., Practical Clinical Psychiatry. 5th edition, 1940; 7th edition, 1951. New York, Philadelphia, Toronto.Google Scholar
Str⊘mgren, Erik, Om Bevidshedsforstyrrelse, 1945. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Tyhurst, Libuse, “Displacement and Migration”, Amer. J. Psychiat., 1951, 107, 561568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walter, , Grey, W., The Living Brain, 1953. New York.Google Scholar
Weinberg, S. K., Society and Personality Disorders, 1952. New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wimmer, A., Evolutiv Paranoia, 1902. (Quoted acc. to Jacobsen.) Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Ødegård, Ørnulv, “The distribution of mental diseases in Norway”, Acta Psychiat. Copenhagen, 1945, 20, 247284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.