Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T22:31:54.728Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Continuum Model as a Resolution of Paradoxes in Manic-Depressive Psychosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

J. H. Court*
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1972 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baru, A. M. (1968). ‘Katekholaminy pri maniakal-' no-depressivnom psikhoze.’ Zhurnal Nevropatologii i Psikhiatrii 68, (9) 1358–61.Google Scholar
‘(Catecholamines in manic-depressive psychosis—)’ see Psych, Abstracts. 44, 922. (1970).Google Scholar
Bunney, W. E. Jr., Davis, J. M., Weill-Mmalherbe, H., and Smith, E. R. B. (1967). ‘Biochemical changes in psychotic depression, high norepinephrine levels in psychotic vs. neurotic depression.’ Arch. gen. Psychiat., 16, 448–60.Google ScholarPubMed
Cadoret, R. J., Winokur, G., and Clayton, P. (1970). ‘Family history studies. VII Manic-depressive disease versus depressive illness.’ Brit. J. Psychiat., 116:535, 625–35.Google Scholar
Claridge, G. (1970). ‘Psychophysiological techniques.’ In Mittler, P. (Ed.). The Psychological Assessment of Mental and Physical Handicaps. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Coppen, A. (1965). ‘Mineral metabolism in affective disorders.’ Brit. J. Psychiat., iii, 1133–42.Google Scholar
Coppen, A. (1969). ‘Biochemical aspects of depression.’ In Shneidman, E. S., and Ortega, M. J. (Eds.). Aspects of Depression. International Psychiatry Clinics. Vol. 6 No. 2. 5381.Google ScholarPubMed
Coppen, A., Prange, A. J., Whybrow, P. C., Noguera, R., and Paez, J. M. (1969). ‘Methysergide in mania: a controlled trial.’ Lancet, ii, 338–40.Google Scholar
Court, J. H. (1968). ‘Manic-depressive psychosis: an alternative conceptual model.’ Brit. J. Psychiat., 114:517, 1523–30.Google Scholar
Court, J. H. (1969). Correspondence. Brit. J. Psychiat., 115, 371–5.Google Scholar
Court, J. H. and Mai, F. M. M. (1970). ‘A double-blind intensive crossover design trial of methysergide in mania.’ Med. J. Aust., 57, 12, 526–9.Google Scholar
Curtis, G. G., Cleghorn, R. A., and Sourkes, T. L. (1960). ‘The relationship between affect and the excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.’ J. psychosom. Res., 4, 176–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Curzon, G. (1969). ‘Tryptophan pyrrolase—a biochemical factor in depressive illness.’ Brit. J. Psychiat., 115, 1367–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, J. M. (1970). ‘Theories of biological etiology of affective disorders.’ Int. Rev. Neurobiol., 12, 145–75.Google ScholarPubMed
Dencker, S. J., Malm, U., Roos, B. E., and Werdinius, B. (1968). ‘Acid monoamine metabolites of cerebrospinal fluid in mental depression and mania.’ J. Neurochem., 13, 1545–8.Google Scholar
Dyson, W. L., and Mendelson, M. (1968). ‘Recurrent depressions and the lithium ion.’ Amer. J. Psychiat., 125:4, 544–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fieve, R. R., Platman, S. R., and Fliess, J. L. (1969). ‘A clinical trial of methysergide and lithium in mania.’ Psychopharmacologia, 15, 425–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fieve, R. R., Platman, S. R., and Plutchik, R. R. (1968). ‘The use of lithium in affective disorders: I Acute endogenous depression.’ Amer. J. Psychiat., 125:4, 489–91.Google Scholar
Foulds, G. A., and Caine, T. M. (1965). Personality and Personal Illness. London: Tavistock Publications.Google Scholar
Garma, A. (1968). ‘The deceiving super-ego and the masochistic ego in mania.’ Psychoanal. Quart., 37:1, 6379.Google Scholar
Gattozzi, A. A. (1970). Lithium in the Treatment of Mood Disorders. N.I.M.H. Publication 5033.Google Scholar
Glassman, A. (1969). ‘Indoleamines and affective disorders.’ Psychosom. Med., 31, 107–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodwin, F. K., Murphy, D. L., and Bunney, W. E. (1969). ‘Lithium-carbonate treatment in depression and mania.’ Arch. gen. Psychiat., 21:4, 486–96.Google Scholar
Greenspan, K., Green, R., and Durell, J. (1965). ‘Retention and distribution patterns of lithium, a pharmacological tool in studying the pathophysiology of manic-depressive psychosis.’ Amer. J. Psychiat., 125:4, 512–9.Google Scholar
Hawkins, D. R., Lipton, M., and Mendels, J. (1968). ‘Sleep studies in a hypomanic patient.’ Psychophysiology, 4:394.Google Scholar
Jenner, F. A., Gjessing, L. R., Davies-Jones, A., Hullin, R. P., and Hanna, S. M. (1967). ‘A manic-depressive psychotic with a persistent forty-eight hour cycle.’ Brit. J. Psychiat., 113, 895910.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karki, N. T. (1956). ‘The urinary excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline in different age groups, its diurnal variation and the effect of muscular work on it.’ Acta physiol. Scand., Vol. 39 Suppl. 132.Google ScholarPubMed
King, H. E. (1969). ‘Psychomotility: a dimension of behaviour disorder.’ In Zubin, J. and Shagass, C. (Eds.) Neurobiological Aspects of Psychopathology. New York: Grune and Stratton Inc.Google Scholar
Klein, R., and Nunn, R. F. (1945). ‘Clinical and biochemical analysis of a case of manic-depressive psychosis showing regular weekly cycles.’ J. ment. Sci., 91, 7988.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1921). Manic Depressive Insanity and Paranoia. Transl. Barclay, M. Edinburgh: E. & S. Livingstone.Google Scholar
Lachman, J. H., and Abrams, A. L. (1963). ‘The decline and fall of manic-depressive psychosis, manic type.’ Amer. J. Psychiat., 120, 270–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levi, L. (1968). ‘Sympatho-adrenomedullary and related biochemical reactions during experimentally-induced stress’. In Michael, R. P. (Ed.). Endocrinology and Human Behaviour. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Levison, G. (1970). ‘Treatment of manic-depressive psychosis in perspective.’ Psychiat. Commun., 11:3, 39.Google Scholar
Martin, I., and Rees, L. (1966). ‘Reaction times and somatic reactivity in depressed patients.’ J. psychosom, Res., 9, 375–82.Google ScholarPubMed
Mendels, J. (1969). ‘Sleep studies in depression.’ Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 27, 659–60.Google ScholarPubMed
Mendels, J. (1970). Concepts of Depression. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Perris, C. (Ed.). (1966). ‘A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar (recurrent) depressive psychoses.’ I-X Acta psychiat. Scand., Suppl. 194.Google Scholar
Perris, C. (1968). ‘Genetic transmission of depressive psychosis’ Acta psychiat. Scand. Suppl. 203.Google Scholar
Platman, S. R., Plutchik, R., Fieve, R. R., and Lawlor, W. G. (1969). ‘Emotion profiles associated with mania and depression.’ Arch. gen. Psychiat., 20, 210–14.Google ScholarPubMed
Rosenfeld, H. (1963). ‘Notes on the psychopathology and psychoanalytic treatment of depressive and manic-depressive patients.’ In Azima, H., and Glueck, B. C. (Eds.). Psychotherapy of Schizophrenic and Manic-Depressive States. (Psychiatric Research Reports 17.) Washington: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Rubin, R. T., and Overall, J. E. (1970). ‘Manifest psychopathology and urine biochemical measures.’ Arch. gen. Psychiat., 22, 4557.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schildkraut, J. J. (1965). ‘The catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders: a review of supporting evidence.’ Amer. J. Psychiat., 122:5, 509–22.Google Scholar
Schildkraut, J. J., Gordon, E. K., and Durell, J. (1965). ‘Catecholamine metabolism in affective disorders.’ I Normetanephrine and VMA excretion in depressed patients treated with imipramine. J. psychiat. Res. 3, 213–28.Google ScholarPubMed
Schildkraut, J. J. and Kety, S. A. (1967). ‘Biogenic amines and emotion.’ Science, 156:3771, 2130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schou, M. (1967). ‘The metabolism and biochemistry of lithium.’ In Garattim, S., and Dukes, M. N. G. (Eds.). Anti-Depressant Drugs. Int. Congress Series. 122.Google Scholar
Silverman, G. (1969). Correspondence. Brit. J. Psychiat., 115, 371–5.Google Scholar
Steinberg, H., Guggenheim, F., Baer, L., and Snyder, F. (1969). ‘Catecholamines and their metabolites in various states of ‘arousal’.’ J. psychosom. Res., 13, 103–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Takahashi, R., Yoshiko, N., Tsuchiya, K., Takamizawa, M., Kobayashi, T., Toru, M., Kobayashi, K., and Kariya, T. (1968). ‘Catecholamine metabolism of manic-depressive illness.’ J. psychiat. Res., 6, 185–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whybrow, P. C., and Mendels, J. (1969). ‘Toward a biology of depression: Some suggestions from Neurophysiology.’ Amer. J. Psychiat., 125:11, 14911500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winokur, G., Clayton, P., and Reich, T. (1969). Manic-Depressive Illness. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.