Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T00:21:44.951Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Four-Year Follow-up of Hyperactive Boys with and without Conduct Disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

Gerald J. August
Affiliation:
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550
Mark A. Stewart
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Clarissa S. Holmes
Affiliation:
Child Development Clinic, University of Iowa

Summary

A four-year follow-up of clinically selected hyperactive boys with and without associated conduct disorder investigated their outcome during early adolescence and was taken from a structured behavioural interview and standard psychological testing.

Boys originally diagnosed as “purely” hyperactive continued to be inattentive and impulsive at follow-up, but showed very few aggressive and antisocial behaviours. Hyperactive boys who had earlier been undersocialized and aggressive continued to have problems with attention and impulsivity, were reported to be aggressive, noncompliant, egocentric, exhibiting antisocial behaviours and using alcohol. These findings suggest that antisocial and delinquent behaviour often reported in follow-up studies of hyperactive boys may be linked to childhood aggression and unsocialized behaviour, rather than the syndrome of hyperactivity.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1983 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

August, G. J. & Stewart, M. A. (1982) Is there a syndrome of pure hyperactivity? British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 305–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, S. B., Endman, M. W. & Benfield, G. (1977) A three-year follow-up of hyperactive preschoolers into elementary school. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 18, 239–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeBlois, C. S. & Stewart, M. A. (1980) Aggressiveness and antisocial behavior in children: Their relationships to other dimensions of behavior. Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavior, 5, 303–12.Google Scholar
Douglas, V. I., Parry, P., Marton, P. et al (1976) Development of a cognitive training program for hyperactive children. Journal of Abnormal Clinical Psychology, 4, 389410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, P. & Rutter, M. (1973) Psychiatric disorder in the young adolescent: A follow-up study. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 66, 1226–9.Google Scholar
Huessy, H., Metoyer, M. & Townsend, M. (1974) 8–10 year follow-up of 84 children treated for behavioral disorder in rural Vermont. Acta Paedopsychiatrica, 10, 230–5.Google Scholar
Kellam, S. G., Ensminger, M. E. & Simon, M. B. (1980) Mental health in first grade and teenage drug, alcohol and cigarette use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 5, 273304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loney, J., Langhorne, J. E. & Paternite, C. E. (1978) An empirical basis of subgrouping the hyperkinetic/minimal brain dysfunction syndrome. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 431–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mendelson, W., Johnson, N. & Stewart, M. A. (1971) Hyperactive children as teenagers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 153, 273–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milich, R. & Loney, J. (1979) The role of hyperactive and aggressive symptomatology in predicting adolescent outcome among hyperactive children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 4, 93112.Google Scholar
Minde, K., Lewin, D., Weiss, G., Laviguer, H., Douglas, V. & Sykes, E. (1971) The hyperactive child in elementary school: A 5-year, controlled, follow-up. Exceptional Child, 38, 215–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, S. & Rosa, P. (1981) Boyhood behavior problems as precursors of criminality: A fifteen-year follow-up study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 22, 1933.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nylander, I. (1979) A 20-year prospective follow-up of 2,164 cases at the child guidance clinic in Stockholm. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica Supplement, 276.Google Scholar
Oden, , & Asher, S. R. (1977) Coaching children in social skills for friendship making. Child Development, 48, 495506.Google Scholar
Olweus, D. (1979) Stability of aggressive reaction patterns in males: A review. Psychological Review, 86, 852–75.Google ScholarPubMed
Riddle, D. K. & Rapoport, J. L. (1976) A two-year follow-up of 72 hyperactive boys. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 162, 126–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robins, L. (1966) Deviant Children Grown Up. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.Google Scholar
Robins, L. (1978) Sturdy childhood predictors of adult antisocial behavior: Replications from longitudinal studies. Psychological Medicine, 8, 611–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sandberg, S. T., Rutter, M. & Taylor, E. (1978) Hyperkinetic disorder in psychiatric clinic attenders. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 20, 279–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sandberg, S. T., Wieselberg, M. & Shaffer, D. (1980) Hyperkinetic and conduct problem children in a primary school population: Some epidemiological considerations. Journal of Child Psychology and Child Psychiatry, 21, 293311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Satterfield, J. H., Hoppe, C. M. & Schell, A. M. (1982) A prospective study of delinquency in 110 adolescent boys with attention deficit disorder and 88 normal adolescent boys. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 795–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Schachar, R., Rutter, M. & Smith, A. (1981) The characteristics of situationally and pervasively hyperactive children: Implications for syndrome definition. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 22, 375–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stewart, M. A., Cummings, C., Singer, S. & DeBlois, C. (1981) The overlap between hyperactive and unsocialized aggressive children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 22, 3545.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stewart, M. A., DeBlois, C. S. & Cummings, C. (1980) Psychiatric disorder in the parents of hyperactive boys and those with conduct disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Child Psychiatry, 21, 283–92.Google Scholar
Stewart, M. A., DeBlois, C. S. Meardon, J. & Cummings, S. (1980) Aggressive conduct disorder of children: The clinical picture. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 168, 604–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.