Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T03:10:11.444Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): I. Imaging Biochemical Change

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

L. M. Eastwood
Affiliation:
Department of Bio-medical Physics and Bioengineering, University, of Aberdeen. Now at M & D Technology Ltd, Whitemymes Avenue, Aberdeen
J. M. S. Hutchison
Affiliation:
Department of Bio-medical Physics and Bioengineering, University of Aberdeen
J. A. O. Besson*
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health, University of Aberdeen, Clinical Research Centre, Royal Cornhill Hospital, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen AB9 2ZH
*
Correspondence.

Summary

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging of hydrogen in body water and fat is proving valuable in clinical investigation of the brain. An introduction to the technique and to the biological significance of the images is presented here. The ‘multi-parameter’ nature of these images is stressed, and the individual parameters described. NMR imaging may well be of value in investigating the pathology of organic and functional psychoses.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Besson, J. A. O., Glen, A. I. M., Iljon Foreman, E., MacDonald, A., Smith, F. W., Hutchison, J. M. S., Mallard, J. R. & Ashcroft, G. W. (1981) Nuclear magnetic resonance observations in alcohol cerebral disorder and the role of vasopressin. Lancet, 2, 923924.Google Scholar
Besson, J. A. O., Corrigan, F. M., Iljon Foreman, E., Ashcroft, G. W., Eastwood, L. M. & Smith, F. W. (1983) Differentiating senile dementia of Alzheimer type and multi-infarct dementia by proton NMR imaging. Lancet, 2, 789.Google Scholar
Bydder, G. M., Steiner, R. E., Thomas, D. J., Marshall, J., Gilderdale, D. J. & Young, I. R. (1983) Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the posterior fossa: 50 cases. Clinical Radiology, 34, 173178.Google Scholar
Bydder, G. M., Steiner, R. E., Young, I. R., Hall, A. S., Thomas, D. J., Marshall, J., Pallis, C. A. & Legg, N. J. (1982) Clinical NMR imaging of the brain—140 cases. American Journal of Roentgenology, 139, 215236.Google Scholar
Damadian, R. (1974) Apparatus and method for detecting cancer in tissue. U.S. Patent 3789832, 1974 (filed March 1972).Google Scholar
Diegel, J. G. & Pintar, M. M. (1975) A possible improvement in the resolution of proton spin-relaxation for the study of cancer at low frequency. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 55, 725726.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edelstein, W. A., Hutchison, J. M. S., Johnson, G. & Redpath, T. (1980) Spin-warp NMR imaging and application to human whole-body imaging. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 25, 751756.Google Scholar
Hazlewood, C. F. (1979) A view of the significance and understanding of the physical properties of cell-associated water. In Cell Associated Water (eds. Drost-Hansen, W. & Clegg, J. S.). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hoult, D. I. & Richards, R. E. (1976) The signal-to-noise ratio of the NMR experiment. Journal of Magnetic Resonance. 24, 7185.Google Scholar
Hutchison, J. M. S., Edelstein, S. A. & Johnson, G. (1980) A whole-body NMR imaging machine. Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments. 13, 947955.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ikehira, H. & Smith, F. W. (1983) Application of T1 data to diagnosis using the Aberdeen NMR imaging system. Japanese Journal NMR Imaging, 2, 8493. (In English).Google Scholar
Johnson, G., Hutchison, J. M. S. & Eastwood, L. M. (1981) Instrumentation for NMR spin-warp imaging. Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments, 15, 7479.Google Scholar
Lauterbur, P. C. (1973) Image formation by induced local interaction: examples employing nuclear magnetic resonance. Nature, 242, 190191.Google Scholar
Mallard, J. R., Hutchison, J. M. S., Edelstein, W. A., Ling, C. R., Foster, M. A. & Johnson, G. (1980) In-vivo n.m.r. imaging in medicine: the Aberdeen approach, both physical and biological. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B, 289, 519533.Google Scholar
Mansfield, P. & Morris, P. G. (1982) NMR Imaging in Biomedicine. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Mathur-de-Vre, R. (1979) The NMR studies of water in biological systems. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 35, 103134.Google Scholar
National Radiological Protection Board (1980) Exposure to NMR Clinical Imaging. Didcot, Oxon.Google Scholar
Redpath, T. W. (1982) Calibration of the Aberdeen NMR imager for proton spin-lattice relaxation time measurements in vivo. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 27, 10571065.Google Scholar
Redpath, T. W. & Hutchison, J. M. S. (1982) Design of a radio-frequency coil suitable for NMR imaging of heads. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 27, 443447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, F. W. (1983) Nuclear magnetic resonance in the investigation of cerebral disorder: a review. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 3, 263269.Google Scholar
Young, I. R., Hall, A. S., Pallis, C. A., Bydder, G. M., Legg, N. J. & Steiner, R. E. (1981) Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 2, 10631066.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.