Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c4f8m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T03:27:34.678Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Life Events, Depression and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Function

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

R. J. Dolan*
Affiliation:
The Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ
S. P. Galloway
Affiliation:
Fulbourne Hospital, Cambridge
F. V. A. De Souza
Affiliation:
Academic Department of Psychiatry, The Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG
A. Wakeling
Affiliation:
Academic Department of Psychiatry, The Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG
*
Correspondence

Abstract

The relationship between antecedent life events, clinical profile, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal function was examined in 72 depressed patients. Antecedent life events were associated with first episodes of depression and with greater severity of illness, but their presence did not distinguish between patients diagnosed as endogenous or neurotic, and status on the dexamethasone suppression test was not associated with a greater or lesser likelihood of antecedent events. However, urinary free Cortisol levels were higher in those patients with life events and difficulties.

Type
Papers
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bebbingiton, F. E., Tennant, C. & Hurry, J. (1981) Adversity and the nature of psychiatric disorder in the community. Journal of Affective Disorders, 3, 345366.Google Scholar
Brown, G. W. & Harris, T. (1978) Social Origins of Depression. London: Tavistock.Google Scholar
Brown, M. B. & Forsythe, A. B. (1974) The small sample behaviour of some statistics which test the equality of several means. Technometrics., 16, 129132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, M. B. Ni Brolchain, M. & Harris, R. D. (1979) Psychotic and neurotic depression: aetiological and background factors. Journal of Affective Disorder, 1, 195211.Google Scholar
Calloway, S. P., Dolan, R. J., Fonagy, P., De Souza, F. V. A. & Wakeling, A. (1984) Endocrine changes and clinical profiles in depression: i. The dexamethasone suppression test. Psychological Medicine, 14, 749758.Google Scholar
Carney, M. W. P., Roth, M. & Garside, R. F. (1965) The diagnosis of depressive syndromes and the prediction of ECT response. British Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 659674.Google Scholar
Carroll, B. J. (1982) The dexamethasone suppression test for melancholia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 292304.Google Scholar
Carroll, B. J. Curtis, G. C. & Mendels, C. (1976) Neuroendocrine regulation in depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33, 10511057.Google Scholar
Hamilton, M. (1960) A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 23, 5662.Google Scholar
Heron, M. J. (1965) A note on the concept endogenous-exogenous. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 38, 241245.Google Scholar
Holden, N. L. (1983) Depression and the Newcastle scale: their relationship to the dexamethasone suppression test. British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 505507.Google Scholar
Leff, M. J., Roatch, J. F. & Bunney, W. E. (1970) Environmental factors preceding the onset of severe depression. Psychiatry, 33, 293311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lloyd, C. (1980) Life events and depressive disorder reviewed: 11. Events as precipitating factors. Archives of General Psychiatry, 37, 541548.Google Scholar
Mason, J. W. (1968) A review of psychoendocrine research on the pituitary-adrenal-cortical system. Psychosomatic Medicine, 30, Suppl. 576607.Google Scholar
Miller, P. A. & Ingham, J. (1976) Friends, confidants and symptoms. Social Psychiatry, 11, 5158.Google Scholar
Paykel, E. S. (1974) Recent life events and clinical depression. In Life Stress and Illness (eds. Gunderson, E. K. E. and Rahe, R. H.). Springfield, Illinois: Thomas.Google Scholar
Sachar, E. J. (1967) Corticosteroids in depressive illness. A longitudinal psychoendocrine study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 17, 554567.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, & Robins, E. (1978) Research diagnostic criteria: rationality and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 35, 773782.Google Scholar
Thompson, K. C. & Hendrie, H. C. (1972) Environmental stress in primary depressive illness. Archives of General Psychiatry, 26, 130132.Google Scholar
Traskman, L., Tybing, G., Asberg, M., Bertilssen, L., Lanto, O. & Schalling, D. (1980) Cortisol in the CSF of depressed and suicidal patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 37, 761767.Google Scholar
Wing, J. D., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974) The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. London: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.