Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T12:35:37.268Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An American Validation Study of the Newcastle Diagnostic Scale: I. Relationship with the Dexamethasone Suppression Test

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

M. Zimmerman ,
B. Pfohl ,
D. Stangl  and
W. Coryell
M. Zimmerman*
Affiliation:
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Psychiatry, 500 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
B. Pfohl
Affiliation:
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Psychiatry, 500 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
D. Stangl
Affiliation:
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Psychiatry, 500 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
W. Coryell
Affiliation:
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Psychiatry, 500 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
*
∗Correspondence
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The Newcastle diagnostic index was completed on 159 depressedin-patients, who received the dexamethasone suppression test during their first week in hospital. Patients suffering from endogenous depression had a significantly higher rate of DST non-suppression, were older, were more frequently psychotic, and more frequently lost weight; even after con trolling for these variables, DST non-suppression was significantly more frequent in the endogenous group. The relationship between Newcastle scores and the frequency of DST non-suppression was non-linear.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 149 , Issue 5 , November 1986 , pp. 627 - 630
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abou-Saleh, M. T. & Coppen, A. (1984) Classification of depressive illnesses: clinico-psychological correlates. Journal of Affective Disorders, 6, 53–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed.) (DSM-III). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
Andreasen, N. C., Grove, W. M. & Maurer, R. (1980) Ouster analysis and the classification of depression British Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 256–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asnis, G. M., Halbreich, V., Nathan, R. S., Ostrów, L., Novacenko, H., Endicott, J. & Sachar, E. J. (1982) The dexamethasone suppression test in depressive illness: clinical correlates. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 7, 295–301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F. & Emery, G. (1979) Cognitive Therapy for Depression. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Blashfield, R. K. & Morey, L. C. (1979) The classification of depression through cluster analysis. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 20, 516–527.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cameron, O. G., Kronfol, Z., Greden, J. & Carroll, B. J. (1984) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activity in patients with diabetes mellitus. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 1090–1095.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carney, M. W. P., Roth, M. & Garside, R. F. (1965) The diagnosis of depressive syndromes and the prediction of ECT response. British Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 659–674.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carroll, B. J. (1982) The dexamethasone suppression test for melancholia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 292–304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carroll, B. J., Fkinberg, M., Greden, J. K., Tarika, J., Albala, A. A., Haskett, R. F., James, N. M., Kronfol, Z., Lohr, N., Steiner, M., de Vigne, J. P. & Young, E. (1981) A specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of melancholia: standardization, validation, and clinical utility. Archives of General Psychiatry, 18, 15–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppen, A., Abou-Saleh, M., Milln, P., Metcalfe, M., Harwood, J. & Bailey, J. (1983) Dexamethasone suppression test in depression and other psychiatric illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 498–504.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coryell, W. H., Gaffney, G., Burkhardt, P. E. & Winokur, G. (1982) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity: the importance of delusions and familial subtyping. In Biological Markers of Psychiatry and Neurology (eds Usdin, E. and Handin, I.). Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Endicott, J., Spitzer, R. L., Fleiss, J. L. & Cohen, J. (1976) The Global Assessment Scale: a procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33, 766–771.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1970) The classification of depressive illnesses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 117, 241–250.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gillespie, R. D. (1929) The clinical differentiation of types of depression. Guy's Hospital Reports, 9, 306–344.Google Scholar
Hamilton, M. (1967) Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 6, 278–296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holden, N. L. (1983) Depression and the Newcastle scale: their relationship to the dexamethasone suppression test. British Journal of Psychiatry. 142, 505–507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendell, R. E. (1969) The continuum model of depressive illness. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 62, 335–339.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendell, R. E. (1982) The choice of diagnostic criteria for biological research. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 1334–1339.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendell, R. E. & Gourlay, J. (1970) The clinical distinction between psychotic and neurotic depressions. British Journal of Psychiatry, 117, 257–266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kiloh, L. G., Andrews, G., Neilson, M. & Bianchi, G. N. (1972) The relationship of the syndromes called endogenous and neurotic depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 121, 183–196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, A. J. (1934) Melancholia: a clinical survey of depressive states. Journal of Mental Science, 80, 277–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mapother, E. (1926) Discussion on manic-depressive psychosis. British Medical Journal, ii, 872–876.Google Scholar
Mendlewicz, J., Charles, G. & Franckson, J. M. (1982) The dexamethasone suppression test in affective disorder: relationship to clinical and genetic subgroups. British Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 464–470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nelson, W. H., Orr, W. W., Shane, S. R. & Stevenson, J. M. (1984) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and age in major depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 45, 120–121.Google ScholarPubMed
Oxenkrug, G. F., Pomara, N., McIntyre, I. M., Branconnier, R. J., Stanley, M. & Gershon, S. (1983) Aging and cortisol resistance to suppression by dexamethasone: a positive correlation. Psychiatry Research, 10, 125–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paykel, E. S. (1971) Classification of depressed patients: a cluster analysis derived grouping. British Journal of Psychiatry, 118, 275–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pfohl, B., Stangl, D. & Zimmerman, M. (1984) The implications of DSM-III personality disorders for patients with major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 7, 309–318.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Privitera, M. R., Greden, J. F., Gardner, R. W., Ritchie, J. C. & Carroll, B. J. (1982) Interference by carbamazepine with the dexamethasone suppression test. Biological Psychiatry, 17, 611–620.Google ScholarPubMed
Rao, V. A. R. & Coppen, A. (1979) Classification of depression and response to amitriptyline therapy. Psychological Medicine. 9, 321–325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schlesser, M. A., Winokur, G. & Sherman, B. M. (1980) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in depressive illness. Archives of General Psychiatry. 37, 737–743.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitzer, R. L. & Endicott, J. (1978) Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute.Google Scholar
Stangl, D., Pfohl, B., Zimmerman, M., Bowers, W. & Corenthal, C. (1986) A structured interview for the DSM-III personality disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42, 591–596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Targum, S. D. (1983) Reported weight loss and the dexamethasone suppression test. Psychiatry Research. 9, 173–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vlissides, D. N. & Jenner, F. A. (1982) The response of endogenously and reactively depressed patients to electroconvulsive therapy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 239–242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zimmerman, M. (1982) The Positive And Negative Impact (PANI) Life Events Interview. Iowa: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, M., Pfohl, B. & Coryell, W. H. (1984) Appetite and weight change and the DST. Biological Psychiatry. 19, 923–928.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, M., Coryell, W., Pfohl, B. & Stangl, D. (1985) Four definitions of endogenous depression and the dexamethasone suppression test. Journal of Affective Disorders, 8, 37–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.