Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-5g6vh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T06:28:20.854Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Scottish First Episode Schizophrenia Study

VI. Computerised Tomography Brain Scans in Patients and Controls

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

H. L. MacDonald
Affiliation:
Eastern General Hospital, Edinburgh EH6 7LN
J. J. K. Best
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Radiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH3 9YW
Robin G. McCreadie
Affiliation:
Gartloch Hospital, Gartcosh, Glasgow G69 8EJ
David H. Wiles
Affiliation:
Gartloch Hospital, Gartcosh, Glasgow G69 8EJ
Stewart M. Grant
Affiliation:
Gartloch Hospital, Gartcosh, Glasgow G69 8EJ
John W. Moore
Affiliation:
Gartloch Hospital, Gartcosh, Glasgow G69 8EJ
George T. Crocket
Affiliation:
Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Glasgow G12 0YN
Zahid Mahmood
Affiliation:
Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Glasgow G12 0YN
Martin G. Livingston
Affiliation:
Leverndale Hospital, Glasgow G53 7TU
James A. G. Watt
Affiliation:
Leverndale Hospital, Glasgow G53 7TU
J. G. Greene
Affiliation:
Leverndale Hospital, Glasgow G53 7TU
Peter W. Kershaw
Affiliation:
Leverndale Hospital, Glasgow G53 7TU
Norman A. Todd
Affiliation:
Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF
Angus M. Scott
Affiliation:
Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF
James A. T. Dyer*
Affiliation:
Grove, Wantage, Oxon
John Loudon
Affiliation:
Grove, Wantage, Oxon
Alistair E. Philip
Affiliation:
Grove, Wantage, Oxon
The Scottish Schizophrenia Research Group
Affiliation:
Crichton Royal Hospital, Dumfries DG1 4TG
*
Correspondence

Abstract

This is the initial report of a prospective study by computerised tomography brain scan of first episode schizophrenia. Twenty-seven patients who met Research Diagnostic Criteria for schizophrenia were compared with volunteer controls on ventricular: brain ratio, sulcal: brain volume ratio, and the widths of third ventricle and Sylvian and interhemispheric fissures. The results provide evidence that sulcal enlargement, but not ventricular abnormalities, may be detected at first admission for schizophrenic illness, and are discussed in relation to findings from other studies.

Type
Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1989 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Benes, F., Sunderland, P., Jones, B. D., et al (1982) Normal ventricles in young schizophrenics. British Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 9093.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feighner, J. P., Robins, E., Guze, S., et al (1972) Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Archives of General Psychiatry, 26, 5772.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greitz, T. & Hindmarsh, T. (1974) Computer assisted tomography of intracranial CSF circulation using a water-soluble contrast medium. Acta Radiologica: Diagnosis, 15, 497507.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gurling, H. M. D., Reveley, M. A. & Murray, R. M. (1984) Increased cerebral ventricular volume in monozygotic twins discordant for alcoholism. Lancet, i 986988.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jellinek, E. H. (1976) Cerebral atrophy and cognitive impairment in chronic schizophrenia. Lancet, ii 12021203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jernigan, T. L., Zatz, L. M., Moses, J. A., et al (1982) Computed tomography in schizophrenics and normal volunteers. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 765770.Google ScholarPubMed
Krawiecka, M., Goldberg, D. & Vaughn, M. (1977) A standardized psychiatric assessment scale for rating psychotic patients. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 55, 299308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luchins, D. J. (1982) Computed tomography in schizophrenia: disparities in the prevalence of abnormalities. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 859860.Google ScholarPubMed
Marsden, C. D. (1976) Cerebral atrophy and cognitive impairment in chronic schizophrenia. Lancet, ii 1079.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moriguchi, I. (1981) A study of schizophrenic brains by computerized tomography scans. Folia Psychiatrica Neurologica Japonica, 35, 5572.Google ScholarPubMed
Nasrallah, H. A., Kuperman, S., Jacoby, C. G., el al (1983) Clinical correlates of sulcal widening in chronic schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 10, 237242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nybäck, H., Wiesel, F.-A., Berggren, B. M., et al (1982) Computed tomography of the brain in patients with acute psychosis and in healthy volunteers. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 65, 403414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Owens, D. G. C., Johnstone, E. C., Crow, T. J., et al (1985) Lateral ventricular size in schizophrenia: relationship to the disease process and its clinical manifestations. Psychological Medicine, 15, 2741.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oxenstierna, G., Bergstrand, G., Bjerkenstedt, L., et al (1984) Evidence of disturbed CSF circulation and brain atrophy in cases of schizophrenic psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 654661.Google ScholarPubMed
Raven, J. C. (1938) Guide to Using Progressive Matrices. London: Lewis.Google Scholar
Raven, J. C. (1948) Guide to Using Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale with Progressive Matrices. London: Lewis.Google Scholar
Reid, M. H. (1983) Organ and lesion volume measurements with computed tomography. Journal of Computer-Assisted Tomography. 7, 268273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reveley, M. A. (1985a) CT scans in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 367371.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reveley, M. A. (1985b) Ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia: the validity of computerized tomographic findings. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 233240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rieder, R. O., Donnelly, E. F., Herdt, J. R., et al (1979) Sulcal prominence in young chronic schizophrenic patients: CT scan findings associated with impairment on neuropsychological tests. Psychiatry Research, 1, 18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ron, M. A., Acker, W., Shaw, G. K., et al (1982) Computerized tomography of the brain in chronic alcoholism: a survey and follow-up study. Brain, 105, 497514.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schulz, S. C., Koller, M. M., Kishore, P. R., et al (1983) Ventricular enlargement in teenage patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 15921595.Google ScholarPubMed
Scottish Schizophrenia Research Group (1987) The Scottish first episode schizophrenia study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 331344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shelton, R. C. & Weinberger, D. R. (1986) X-ray computed tomography studies in schizophrenia. In Handbook of Schizophrenia, Vol. 1. The Neurology of Schizophrenia (eds Nasrallah, H. A. & Weinberger, D. R.). Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Smith, G. N. & Iacono, W. G. (1986) Lateral ventricular size in schizophrenia and choice of control group. Lancet, i 1450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzer, R., Endicott, J. & Robins, E. (1978) Research Diagnostic Criteria Instrument, No. 58. New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute.Google Scholar
SPSS Inc. (1983) SPSSX: User's Guide. New York: McGraw Hill.Google Scholar
Tanaka, Y., Hazama, H., Kawahara, R., et al (1981) Computerized tomography of the brain in schizophrenic patients: a controlled study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 63, 191197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turner, S. W., Toone, B. K. & Brett-Jones, J. R. (1986) Computerized tomographic scan changes in early schizophrenia – preliminary findings. Psychological Medicine, 16, 219225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weinberger, D. R., Fuller Torrey, E. Neophytides, A. N., et al (1979) Structural abnormalities in the cerebral cortex of chronic schizophrenic patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 36, 935939.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weinberger, D. R., De Lisi, L. E., Perman, G. P., et al (1982) Computed tomography in schizophreniform disorder and other acute psychiatric disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 778783.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974) The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zatz, L. M. & Jernigan, T. L. (1983) The ventricular-brain ratio on computed tomography scans. Psychiatry Research, 8, 159169.Google ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.