Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T01:46:06.927Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The East York Health Needs Study

I: Prevalence of DSM–III–R Psychiatric Disorder in a Sample of Canadian Women

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

R. Katz ,
J. Stephen ,
B. F. Shaw ,
A. Matthew ,
F. Newman  and
M. Rosenbluth
R. Katz*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, and the Department of Psychology of the Toronto Hospital, Canada
B. F. Shaw
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto
F. Newman
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, The Toronto Hospital, Canada
M. Rosenbluth
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Toronto East General and Orthopaedic Hospital, Toronto, Canada
*
Professor R. Katz, Department of Psychology, The Toronto Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

This study reports the prevalence of psychiatric disorder in women from a Canadian community. The GHQ and the CES–D were compared for their utility.

Method

A thousand women over the age of 18 were mailed the GHQ and the CES–D. Our return rate was 44.4%; 24% were personally interviewed by interviewers blind to screening information. The CIDI was used to establish DSM–III–R diagnoses. Four versions of the GHQ and one version of the CES–D were calibrated against the CIDI.

Results

The prevalence of general psychiatric disorder was estimated as between 15% and 19%, anxiety disorders between 10% and 13%, and depression occurring with anxiety between 3% and 4%. The calibrated GHQ was the most reliable instrument.

Conclusions

Prevalence of DSM–III–R psychiatric disorder can be reliably determined with the calibrated GHQ. Anxiety disorders are most prevalent in this community, and were best detected using calibrated versions of the longer form GHQ.

Type
Papers
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 166 , Issue 1 , January 1995 , pp. 100 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn, revised) (DSM–III–R). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
Babbie, E. R. (1970) The Practice of Social Research (2nd edn). California: Wadsavanth.Google Scholar
Bebbington, P., Katz, R., McGuffin, P., et al (1989) The risk of minor depression before age 65: results from a community survey. Psychological Medicine, 19, 393–400.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breslau, N. (1985) Depressive symptoms, major depression, and generalized anxiety: a comparison of self-reports on CES–D and results from diagnostic interviews. Psychiatry Research, 15, 219–229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Census of Canada (1986) Profiles of Ontario. Statistics Canada. Minister of Supply and Services, Canada.Google Scholar
Comstock, G. W. & Helsing, K. J. (1976) Symptoms of depression in two communities. Psychological Medicine, 6, 551–563.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erdreich, L. & Lee, E. T. (1981) Use of relative operating characteristics analysis in epidemiology. American Journal of Epidemiology, 114, 649–662.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gastwirth, J. L. (1987) The statistical precision of medical screening procedures: application to polygraph and AIDS antibodies test data. Behavioural Science, 2, 213–238.Google Scholar
Goldberg, D. P. (1972) The Detection of Psychiatric Illness by Questionnaire: A Technique for the Identification and Assessment of Non-Psychotic Psychiatric Illness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hanley, J. A. & McNeil, B. J. (1982) The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology, 143, 29–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanley, J. A. & McNeil, B. J. (1983) A method of comparing the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves derived from the same cases. Radiology, 148, 839–843.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henderson, S., Duncan-Jones, P., Byrne, D. G., et al (1979) Psychiatric disorders in Canberra. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 60, 355–374.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hodiamont, P., Peer, N. & Syben, N. (1987) Epidemiological aspects of psychiatric disorder in a Dutch health area. Psychological Medicine, 17, 495–505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, P. S. & Lemeshaw, S. (1991) Sampling of Populations: Methods and Applications. Chichester: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Mari, J. J. & Williams, P. (1986) Misclassification by psychiatric screening questionnaire. Journal of Chronic Disease, 39, 371–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers, J. K. & Weissman, M. M. (1980) Use of a self-report symptom scale to detect depression in a community sample. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 1081–1084.Google Scholar
Myers, J. K. Weissman, M. M., Tischler, G. L., et al (1984) Six-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in three communities: 1980–1982. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 959–967.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Radloff, L. S. (1977) The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Radloff, L. S. & Locke, B. Z. (1986) The community mental health assessment survey and the CES-D scale. In Community Surveys of Psychiatric Disorders (eds Weissman, M. W., Myers, J. K. & Ross, C. E.), pp. 177–190. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Roberts, R. E. & Vernon, S. W. (1983) The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale: its use in a community sample. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 41–46.Google Scholar
Robins, L. N., Wing, J., Wittchen, H. U., et al (1988) The Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 1069–1077.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schulberg, H. C., Saul, M., McClelland, M., et al (1994) Assessing depression in primary medical and psychiatric practice. Archives of General Psychiatry, in press.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974) The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., Babor, T., Brugha, T., et al (1990) SCAN: Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 589–593.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization (1978) Mental Disorders: Glossary and Guide to their Classification in Accordance with the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9). Geneva: WHO.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.