Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T19:23:28.469Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Palaeophrenia: A Re-Evaluation of the Concept of Schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

Extract

Schizophrenia may conservatively be listed among the greatest scourges of present-day society, yet the average citizen has scarcely heard of it.

“The etiology … is unsettled; its pathology unknown and its clinical limits in dispute and yet it is a more serious problem than either tuberculosis or cancer. There are twice as many hospital cases of schizophrenia as of tuberculosis. Each year not less than 30,000 to 40,000 individuals, soon after adolescence or in the first flush of manhood or womanhood, fall victims to this condition. Annually 75,000 new patients are admitted to state hospitals and at least one fourth are schizophrenics…. They are condemned to a veritable living death, devoid of emotional life as others savour it and barred from participation in the normal activities and affairs of living” (1).

Type
Part I.—Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1940 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Strecker, and Ebaugh, (1935), Clinical Psychiatry. Philadelphia: Blakiston.Google Scholar
2 Lewis, N. D. C. (1936), Research in Dementia Praecox. New York: National Committee for Mental Hygiene.Google Scholar
3 Kempf, E. J. (1921), Psychopathology. St. Louis: Mosby.Google Scholar
4 Rosanoff, A. J. (1938), Manual of Psychiatry and Mental Hygiene. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
5 Jellinek, E. M. (May, 1939), “Some Principles of Psychiatric Classification,” Psychiatry, 2, 161.Google Scholar
6 Kraepelin, E. (1899), Lehrbuch der Psychiatrie. Leipzig.Google Scholar
7 Osborne, R. L. (March 9, 1940), “Prognosis in Schizophrenia,” Journ. Amer. Med. Assoc., 114, 846.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8a Bleuler, E. (1911) “Dementia praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien,” Aschaffenburg's Handbuch, Leipzig; (b) idem (1913), “Autistic Thinking,” Amer. Journ. Insanity, 69, 873; (c) idem (1930), “The Physiogenic and Psychogenic in Schizophrenia,” Amer. Journ. Psychiat., 10, 203; (d) idem (1924), Text-book of Psychiatry, New York, Macmillan.Google Scholar
9 Levin, M. (January, 1938), “Misunderstanding of the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia, Arising from the Concept of ‘Splitting,’Amer. Journ. Psychiat., 94, 877.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10 Bleuler, M. (September, 1931), “Schizophrenia: A Review of the Work of Prof. Eugen Bleuler,” Arch. Neurol. and Psych., 26, 610.Google Scholar
11 White, W. A. (1936), Outlines of Psychiatry. Washington: Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Co.Google Scholar
12 Jung, C. G. (1906), Über die Psychologie der Dementia praecox. (Trans. The Psychology of Dementia Praecox.) Washington: Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing. Co., 1936.Google Scholar
13 Abraham, K. (1908), “Die Psychosexuellen Differenzen der Hysterie und der Dementia Praecox,” Zentralbl. f. Nervenheilk. u. Psychiat., 19.Google Scholar
14a Freud, S. (1911), “Psycho-analytic Notes upon an Autobiographical Account of a Case of Paranoia (Dementia Paranoides), published in Collected Papers, 3. London, 1925; (b) idem (1916), “Metapsychological Supplement, to the Theory of Dreams, published in Collected Papers, 4.Google Scholar
15a Van der Leew, (1928), La Structure de la Mentalité Primitive, Paris; (b) Levy-Brühl, L. (1923), Primitive Mentality, New York; (c) Frazer, J. G. (1910), Totemism and Exogamy, London; (d) idem, (1911) The Golden Bough, London; (e) Wundt, W. (1906), Voelkerpsychologie, Berlin; (f) Tylor, E. B. (1903), Primitive Culture, London; (g). Freud, S. (1938), Totem and Taboo; (h) Kretschmer, E. (1926), Medizinische Psychologie, Leipzig; (i) Lewis, N. D. C. (1928), “Graphic Art Productions in Schizophrenia,” Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease, 5, 344; (j) Prinzhorn (1922), Bildnerei der Geisteskranken, Berlin; (k) Hartland (1895), Legend of Perseus, London; (l) Bourke (1891), Scatologic Rites of All Nations, Washington; (m) Fenichel, O. (1934), Outlines of Psychoanalysis, New York.Google Scholar
16 Freud, S. (1900), The Interpretation of Dreams. Google Scholar
17 Jung, C. G. (1922), Analytical Psychology. London: Bailliére, Tindall & Cox; (1928), Two Essays on Analytical Psychology. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. Also see (12).Google Scholar
18a Storch, A. (April, 1923), “Bewusstseinsebenen und Wirklichkeitsbereiche in der Schizophrenie,” Zeitschr. f. d. ges. Neurol. u. Psychiat., 82, 321;Google Scholar
18b idem (1924), The Primitive Archaic Forms of Inner Experience and Thoughts in Schizophrenia. Washington: Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Co.;Google Scholar
18c Von Domarus, E. (July, 1923), “Praelogisches Denken in der Schizophrenie,” Zeitschr. f. d. ges. Neurol. u. Psychiat., 87, 84;Google Scholar
18d idem (August, 1925), “Ueber die Beziehung des normalen und schizophrenen Denken,” Arch. f. Psychiat., 74, 641;Google Scholar
18e White, W. A. (October, 1926), “The Language of Schizophrenia,” Arch. Neurol. and Psych., 16, 395;CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18f idem (1928), “The Language of Schizophrenia,” Assoc. Research Nervous and Ment. Dis., 5, 323;Google Scholar
18g Jelliffe, S. E. (August, 1907), “The Signs of Pre-dementia Praecox,” Amer. Journ. Med. Sci., 134, 157;CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18h Schilder, P. (1918), Wahn und Erkenntnis, Berlin;Google Scholar
18i Jung, C. G., see (12) and (17);Google Scholar
18j Kronfeld, (September, 1922), “Ueber schizophrene Veränderungen des Bewusstseins der Aktivität,” Zeitschr. f. d. ges. Neurol. u. Psychiat., 74, 15;Google Scholar
18k Berze, (1914), Primäre Insuffizienz der psychischen Aktivität, Leipzig and Wien;Google Scholar
18l Wildermuth, H. (1924), “Schizophrene Zeichen beim gesunden Kind.,” Zeitschr. f. d. ges. Neurol. u. Psychiat., abstract, Journ. Ment. Sci., 70, 311;Google Scholar
18m Freud, S. (1938), Totem and Taboo;Google Scholar
18n Schilder, P. (July, 1939), “The Psychology of Schizophrenia,” Psychoanalyt. Rev., 26, 380;Google Scholar
18o Devereux, G. (July, 1939), “A Sociologic Theory of Schizophrenia,” ibid., 26, 315;Google Scholar
18p Vigotsky, (May, 1934), “Thought in Schizophrenia,” Arch. Neurol. and Psych., 31, 1063.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19 Bolles, Rosen and Landis, (1938), “Psychological Performance Tests as Prognostic Agents for the Efficacy of Insulin Therapy in Schizophrenia,” Psychiat. Quart., 12, 733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20 Kasanin, and Hanfman, (July, 1938), “An Experimental Study of Concept Formation,” Amer. Journ. Psychiat., 95, 35.Google Scholar
21a Weigl, (1927), “Zur Psychologie sogenannter Abstraktionsprozesse. 1. Untersuchen über des ‘Ordnen,’Z. Psychol., 103, 2;Google Scholar
21b Bolles, M. (1937), “The Basis of Pertinence,” Arch. Psychol., 212, 2.Google Scholar
22 Bolles, and Goldstein, K. (January, 1938), “A Study of the Impairment of ‘Abstract Behaviour’ in Schizophrenic Patients,” Psychiat. Quart., 12, 42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23 Goldstein, K. (1936), “The Problem of the Meaning of Words Based on the Observations of Aphasic Patients,” Journ. Psychol., 2, 301.Google Scholar
24 Idem and Gelb, A. (1924), “Über Farbennamenamnesie nebst Bermerkungen über das Wesen der amnestischen Aphasie,” Psycholog. Forsch., 6, 127.Google Scholar
25 Hanfman, E. (April, 1939), “Thought Disturbances in Schizophrenia as Revealed by Performance in a Picture Completion Test,” Journ. Abnorm. and Soc. Psychol., 34, 249.Google Scholar
26 Healy, W. (1921), “Pictorial Completion Test II,” Journ. Appl. Psychol., 5, 225.Google Scholar
27a Cameron, N. (1938) “Reasoning, Regression and Communication in Schizophrenics,” Psychol. Monogr., 50, 1;Google Scholar
27b idem (April, 1939), “Deterioration and Regression in Schizophrenic Thinking,” Journ. Abnorm. and Soc. Psychol., 34, 265;Google Scholar
27cSchizophrenic Thinking in a Problem-Solving Situation,” Journ. Ment. Sci. (1939), 85, 1012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28 Levin, M. (1936), “On the Causation of Mental Symptoms,” Journ. Ment. Sci., 82, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29 Shipley, W. C. (1940), “A Self-Administering Scale for Measuring Intellectual Impairment and Deterioration,” Journ. Psychol., 9, 371.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.