Though twelve years have now passed since the first prefrontal leucotomy was performed, the status of this form of therapy is still far from settled. There are some who would never perform the operation at all; and some who would reserve it for the chronic sick; while others (Fleming, 1944) would advise its use at an early stage in the illness in cases where there were reasonable grounds for believing that recovery would not otherwise occur. With opposition of a purely emotional kind, the profession as a whole need hardly concern itself; for appeals that the integrity of the nervous system be maintained at all costs are unlikely to impress those whose daily work brings them into contact with the personality degradation of chronic mental illness. It is difficult to see why interference with the brain in order to save sight or to save life in the case of tumour should be regarded as either more or less wicked than interference designed to save human reason.